Giant raft of data to help us understand disease

Public release date: 28-Jun-2012
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Contact: Alicia Lundby
alicia.lundby@cpr.ku.dk
(45) 60-75-80-95
University of Copenhagen

Scientists at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research at the University of Copenhagen have used a new method to assemble a massive catalogue of data on proteins. This gives them unprecedented insight into a process called protein phosphorylation. The research was recently published in the scientific journal Nature Communications.

Postdoc Alicia Lundby, from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, says: "Phosphorylation changes are really important to our understanding of cancer and other diseases. Although the study of phosphorylation goes back decades, up until now we hadn't been able to measure overall phosphorylation changes in tissue samples. Understanding these phosphorylation changes brings us a step closer to unravelling the mechanisms of disease."

Unravelling the mechanisms of disease

Phosphorylation happens when a phosphate group is added to a protein. Phosphorylation is like a switch that activates proteins, altering their function and changing cell signalling pathways. These signalling pathways are like cellular control panels. Deregulated cell signalling, when the control panel malfunctions, is a common hallmark of disease.

In the treatment of cancer, for example, there is great variation in how well the patients respond to different treatments. Most likely as a result of differences in the signalling pathways. The method developed by the team has the potential to make it possible to screen patient tissue samples to determine the best course of treatment for the individual.

An unprecedented resource

The team of scientists used high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry to generate the catalog of phosphorylated proteins. This research has never been attempted before on this scale 31,480 phosphorylation sites from 7,280 proteins in 14 different tissue types. From a scientific perspective, it offers an unprecedented resource that is available to biologists online.

"This dataset is like a big atlas that can be used by other scientists to benefit their research," says Alicia Lundby.

For their next project Alicia Lundby and colleagues will be investigating the beta-adrenergic pathway of the heart to gain insight into why the heart suddenly beats faster when adrenalin is released. It is hoped this will improve our understanding of the molecular impact of Beta-blockers, a widely prescribed medication for heart conditions.

###

Contact:

Postdoc Alicia Lundby
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
Cell: +45 60 75 80 95
Mail: alicia.lundby@cpr.ku.dk

Communications Officer
Stephanie Brickman
Cell: +45 40 87 48 76

---

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 28-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Alicia Lundby
alicia.lundby@cpr.ku.dk
(45) 60-75-80-95
University of Copenhagen

Scientists at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research at the University of Copenhagen have used a new method to assemble a massive catalogue of data on proteins. This gives them unprecedented insight into a process called protein phosphorylation. The research was recently published in the scientific journal Nature Communications.

Postdoc Alicia Lundby, from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, says: "Phosphorylation changes are really important to our understanding of cancer and other diseases. Although the study of phosphorylation goes back decades, up until now we hadn't been able to measure overall phosphorylation changes in tissue samples. Understanding these phosphorylation changes brings us a step closer to unravelling the mechanisms of disease."

Unravelling the mechanisms of disease

Phosphorylation happens when a phosphate group is added to a protein. Phosphorylation is like a switch that activates proteins, altering their function and changing cell signalling pathways. These signalling pathways are like cellular control panels. Deregulated cell signalling, when the control panel malfunctions, is a common hallmark of disease.

In the treatment of cancer, for example, there is great variation in how well the patients respond to different treatments. Most likely as a result of differences in the signalling pathways. The method developed by the team has the potential to make it possible to screen patient tissue samples to determine the best course of treatment for the individual.

An unprecedented resource

The team of scientists used high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry to generate the catalog of phosphorylated proteins. This research has never been attempted before on this scale 31,480 phosphorylation sites from 7,280 proteins in 14 different tissue types. From a scientific perspective, it offers an unprecedented resource that is available to biologists online.

"This dataset is like a big atlas that can be used by other scientists to benefit their research," says Alicia Lundby.

For their next project Alicia Lundby and colleagues will be investigating the beta-adrenergic pathway of the heart to gain insight into why the heart suddenly beats faster when adrenalin is released. It is hoped this will improve our understanding of the molecular impact of Beta-blockers, a widely prescribed medication for heart conditions.

###

Contact:

Postdoc Alicia Lundby
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
Cell: +45 60 75 80 95
Mail: alicia.lundby@cpr.ku.dk

Communications Officer
Stephanie Brickman
Cell: +45 40 87 48 76

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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Prosperity Blessings | CigarPoet Affirmations

In order to have a prosperous life, giving and receiving are necessary elements for attaining abundance because change and flow are essential for growth to occur for nothing that remains still can expand or prosper. This exchange between giving and receiving is a cycle of life that applies to the laws of motion:? "What comes in goes out, and what goes around comes around". If nothing comes in nothing leaves because the flow has stopped. Giving is also comparable to the law of return- what you send out comes back multiplied, so giving is an expression of love and gratitude that balances the energy flow of abundance. To receive abundance also requires that you accept your worthiness and personal merit to adequately exchange your time, energy, and intellect, so learning to ask for abundance signifies your dignity, self-worth, and ability to receive it. If you are too ashamed to ask for abundance then it will elude you. Asking opens up the doors of opportunity because within the question there's a solution presented somewhere. When you improve your communication and learn how to ask, you will find the blessing of prosperity.?

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List Building | Millionaire Business Articles

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By Cheryl Rushton

If you are involved in email marketing, then you must have an opt in or email list, so that you can advertise your products. Adding regular fresh posts to your blog will draw the search engines. This means that you will get more visitors and maybe more subscribers.

Everytime you add a post a ?ping? informs the search engines who in turn send out a spider to crawl over your website and take the information back to the search engines database.

Anyone who looks for information like that on your blog will see a list in the search results. The more frequent you add fresh content, the more often your website will be in the search results. This means that you will get more traffic and hopefully more subscribers.

When anyone subscribes to your list, you would obviously like them to stay with you. Thinking about the following when composing your emails will ensure you work towards a trusting relationship.

Decide what channel you are going to use to build your list eg blog, squeeze page, social media, video, etc. The most valuable information in the world is worthless if no one can find it.

Quality not quantity is key. There is no use in having millions of people on your list if they do not purchase from you or worse never read your emails. The size of your list is not relative to the money you can make.

Your list is the community of your website and your relationship with your list is the secret to the success of your online business.

You need to communicate with and relate to your list to build trust between you.

Take heed of the four E?s: Be educating, engaging, entertaining and enlightening.

Never forget that real live people read your emails. Being constantly aware of this will enable you to engage and relate to them and so build a trusting relationship.

Have respect for those on your list. Never promote a product unless you totally stand by it.

Give away valuable and useful information. Don?t fill your emails with rubbish. People are not stupid and will see straight through it.

Contact your list on a weekly basis. Less frequently and it will be forgotten in the other millions of emails sent to inboxes every day.

Be honest about your beliefs. Emphasize that hard work will reap rewards and if you do nothing, you will achieve nothing.

Be sincere. Never hide behind flashy cars and huge houses. People want to see who they will be working with and most importantly be able to trust them.

Practice what you preach. Don?t give a piece of advice when in reality you do the opposite.You will always have something to pass on if you talk about what you do every day.

Nothing or no one is perfect. No matter how long someone has been in internet marketing, never forget that we all make mistakes and are constantly learning from them. Don?t be afraid to talk about your pitfalls but also discuss how to avoid the issue next time.

Remember that the community you build from your list is the secret to a lasting business.

It is my aim to give advice and support to absolute beginners with online marketing. The internet is a very big and scary place but it doesn?t have to be if you can find someone to work with who you can trust. Visit my website for FREE ONLINE TRAINING and other help.
http://www.successwithyouronlinebusiness.com

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Sources: Sandusky son was set to claim abuse

Sources tell NBC News that prosecutors warned the defense if they put Jerry Sandusky on the stand, his adopted son was prepared to provide damaging testimony as a surprise rebuttal witness. NBC's Michael Isikoff reports.

By Michael Isikoff, Hannah Rappleye and Tom Winter, NBC News

Updated at 5:58 p.m. ET: BELLEFONTE, Pa. ? Jerry Sandusky decided not to testify in his child sex abuse trial after his lawyers were warned that prosecutors would call a surprise new witness ? one of the defendant?s own adopted sons, sources told NBC News. The man's lawyers said he?was prepared to testify that his father had abused him.

Matt Sandusky, one of six adopted children of Jerry and Dottie Sandusky, was observed by NBC News entering the courthouse, accompanied by Pennsylvania state troopers, on Wednesday morning as the defense was preparing to wrap up its case ? and apparently still wrestling with whether Jerry Sandusky, the former Penn State defensive coordinator, would take the stand.

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Matt Sandusky, 33, has been a stalwart supporter of his father, visiting him at his home after he was charged with sex abuse and showing up at the courtroom last week to sit with his mother and other family members. But after the trial began, according to the sources, Matt Sandusky contacted prosecutors and agreed to provide testimony about events that he witnessed.

Full coverage of the Jerry Sandusky trial

Judge tosses out three more counts against Jerry Sandusky

Ghosts of Sandusky's dreams haunt home where charity was born

Legal analysis by Wes Oliver

NBC News was unable to locate him this week for comment. But his attorneys, Andrew Shubin and Justine Andronici, confirmed that Matt Sandusky requested their assistance in arranging a meeting with prosecutors "to disclose for the first time in this case that he is a victim of Jerry Sandusky's abuse."

Shubin and Andronucci said in a statement that they would have no further comment.

"This has been an extremely painful experience for Matt and he has asked us to convey his request that the media respect his privacy," they said.

Prosecutors contacted Sandusky?s defense lawyers in the last few days to inform them that Matt Sandusky might be called as a rebuttal witness if Sandusky testified in his own defense ? news that alarmed the defense team and introduced a new wild card into their intense discussions about whether he should do so, said the sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity.

A source close to Jerry Sandusky told NBC News that "there was no one factor that led to the decision" not to have him testify Wednesday. Sandusky's lawyers were also known to be concerned that the defendant would be grilled on cross examination about apparently incriminating statements he made to NBC's Bob Costas in the "Rock Center with Brian Williams" show last November, including unaired portions that were played on the "Today" show for the first time this week. Defense lawyers also believed they had made some headway chipping away at the prosecution case this week, especially by playing a tape showing that police investigators may have coached Sandusky's alleged victims by telling them what other witnesses were saying about him.

The drama over whether Sandusky would take the stand continued to play out in court on Wednesday as defense lawyers were finishing their case. During a court recess in the morning, Sandusky's lawyers motioned Sandusky to enter a side room for a conference. They then joined prosecutors for a second conference behind closed doors meeting in Judge John Cleland's chambers. About 30 minutes later, Sandusky re-entered the courtroom, looking somber and chastened. At that point, Sandusky's lawyer rose and announced, "The defense rests."

TODAY's Savannah Guthrie discusses why the prosecution didn't call Jerry Sandusky's adopted son as a witness if he was able to provide damaging evidence.

Matt Sandusky first met his father at his Second Mile charity when he was 10 years old. He later went to live in the Sandusky home after he set fire to a barn in 1995. A judge approved the Sanduskys as foster parents for Matt and he was formally adopted by the couple when he was 18.

Matt Sandusky has been named during testimony in the trial. During the first day of testimony, one of the alleged victims ?listed in the grand jury report as "Victim 4" ? testified that Matt Sandusky seemed "nervous" when, after they played racketball with Jerry Sandusky, the three showered together and Jerry Sandusky then began throwing soap at him, "Victim 4" testified.

"At that point, Matt got up and left," he testified. "Well, not got up, but turned off the shower, went out and into another shower."

More content from msnbc.com and NBC News:

Follow US News on msnbc.com on Twitter and Facebook

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'The Voice' Alum Frenchie Davis Comes Out as Gay!

From Frenchie Davis to Ellen DeGeneres and Neil Patrick Harris, these stars have bravely announced their sexuality to the world

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Webb Simpson wins US Open

Webb Simpson holds up the championship trophy after the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

Webb Simpson holds up the championship trophy after the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

Webb Simpson reacts on the 18th hole during the fourth round of the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Julie Jacobson)

Webb Simpson kisses the championship trophy after the fourth round of the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg)

Webb Simpson holds up the championship trophy after the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

Graeme McDowell, of Northern Ireland, reacts as he walks off the 18th hole during the fourth round of the U.S. Open Championship golf tournament Sunday, June 17, 2012, at The Olympic Club in San Francisco. Webb Simpson won the tournament. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel)

SAN FRANCISCO (AP) ? Webb Simpson refused to think of himself as a U.S. Open champion until he sat with his nervous wife in a quiet corner of the locker room Sunday, staring in disbelief at a television as Jim Furyk and Graeme McDowell tried to catch him.

He was up against a pair of major champions. He was at The Olympic Club, where the wrong guy always wins a U.S. Open.

Simpson should have known now how this would end.

He did his part with four birdies in a five-hole stretch around the turn, and a tough par from the collar of the 18th green for a 2-under 68. It was enough to capture his first major when Furyk bogeyed two of his last three holes, and McDowell couldn't recover from a bad start and too many tee shots in the rough.

"Oh, wow," Simpson said when McDowell's 25-foot birdie putt to force a playoff stayed left of the cup

Simpson emerged from a fog-filled final round as a U.S. Open champion, and he put two more names into the graveyard of champions.

"I never really wrapped my mind around winning," said Simpson, who finished at 1-over 281 to win in only his fifth time at a major. "This place is so demanding, and so all I was really concerned about was keeping the ball in front of me and making pars."

Olympic is known as the "graveyard of champions" because proven major winners who were poised to win the U.S. Open ? Ben Hogan, Arnold Palmer, Tom Watson and Payne Stewart ? all lost out to the underdog.

Perhaps it was only fitting that the 25-year-old Simpson went to Wake Forest on an Arnold Palmer scholarship.

"Arnold has been so good to me," Simpson said. "Just the other day, I read that story and thought about it. He's meant so much to me and Wake Forest. Hopefully, I can get a little back for him and make him smile."

No one was beaming like Simpson, who followed a breakthrough year on the PGA Tour with his first major.

No one was more disgusted than Furyk, in control for so much of the final round until he snap-hooked his tee shot on the par-5 16th hole to fall out of the lead for the first time all day, and was unable to get it back. Needing a birdie on the final hole, he hit into the bunker. He crouched and clamped his teeth onto the shaft of his wedge. Furyk made bogey on the final hole and closed with a 74, a final round without a single birdie.

McDowell, who made four bogeys on the front nine, at least gave himself a chance with a 20-foot birdie putt on the 17th and a shot into the 18th that had him sprinting up the hill to see what kind of chance he had. The putt stayed left of the hole the entire way, and he had to settle for a 73.

McDowell shared second place with Michael Thompson, who closed with a 67 and waited two hours to see if it would be good enough.

Tiger Woods, starting five shots behind, played the first six holes in 6-over par and was never a factor. He shot 73 and finished six strokes back.

Furyk was fuming, mostly at himself, for blowing a chance at his second U.S. Open title. He also was surprised that the USGA moved the tee up 100 yards on the 16th hole to play 569 yards. It was reachable in two shots for some players, though the shape of the hole featured a sharp turn to the left.

"There's no way when we play our practice rounds you're going to hit a shot from a tee 100 yards up unless someone tells you," Furyk said. "But the rest of the field had that same shot to hit today, and I'm pretty sure no one hit as (bad) a shot as I did. I have no one to blame but myself.

"I was tied for the lead, sitting on the 16th tee. I've got wedges in my hand, or reachable par 5s, on the way in and one birdie wins the golf tournament. I'm definitely frustrated."

But he gave Simpson his due.

Of the last 18 players to tee off in the final round, Simpson was the only one to break par. That didn't seem likely when Simpson was six shots behind as he headed to the sixth hole, the toughest at Olympic. That's where he started his big run.

His 7-iron landed in the rough and rolled 5 feet away for birdie. He made birdie on the next two holes, including a 15-footer on the par-3 eighth. And his wedge into the 10th settled 3 feet away, putting him in the mix for the rest of the day.

"It was a cool day," Simpson said. "I had a peace all day. I knew it was a tough golf course. I probably prayed more the last three holes than I ever did in my life."

Simpson's shot from the rough on the 18th hole went just right of the green and disappeared into a hole, a circle of dirt about the size of a sprinkler cap. With a clump of grass behind the ball, he had a bold stroke for such a nervy shot and it came out perfectly, rolling 3 feet by the hole for his much-needed par.

Then, it was time to wait.

It was the third time in the last seven years that no one broke par in the U.S. Open. On all three occasions, the winner was in the locker room when the tournament ended.

While Furyk will be haunted by his finish, McDowell can look back at his start ? four bogeys on the front nine ? and his inability to find fairways. Even on the last hole, his tee shot tumbled into the first cut of rough and kept him from being able to spin the ball closer.

"There's a mixture of emotions inside me right now ? disappointment, deflation, pride," he said. "But mostly just frustration, just because I hit three fairways today. That's the U.S. Open. You're not supposed to do that. You're supposed to hit it in some fairways. And that was the key today for me."

Beau Hossler, the 17-year-old who started only four shots behind, disappeared quickly and closed with a 76. He showed up at Olympic hopeful only of making the cut, then being low amateur, then perhaps winning. He had to settle for the first one. A double bogey on the last hole meant Jordan Spieth (70) was low amateur.

Woods has never won a major when trailing going into the last round, and he kept that streak going.

Starting with a tee shot buried in the rough just off the first fairway, he bogeyed the opening two holes and chopped up the par-3 third hole for a double bogey. His name was removed from the board before the leaders even stepped onto the first tee. He played that infamous six-hole start in 6 over. And that 69-70 start that gave him a share of the lead going into the weekend felt like a distant memory.

"I was just a touch off," Woods said of his 75-73 weekend. "But I was still in the ball game. Today I just got off to a horrific start, and just never got it going early. And unfortunately, I put myself out of it."

For Westwood, the sting was sharper ? and quicker. His tee shot on the fifth hole struck a towering cypress tree and never came down. Westwood gazed at the top of the 40-foot tree, even using binoculars to try to find it. But it was back to the tee for his third shot, a double bogey that made him part of Olympic lore on the fifth hole, only with a far different outcome.

It was the same hole ? but not the same tree ? where Lee Janzen's ball dropped from the branches as his back was turned while walking back to the tree. Janzen converted that break into another U.S. Open title in 1998. Westwood never threatened again in trying to win his first major.

Furyk and McDowell were slugging it out over the opening six holes, and no one seriously challenged them for the first few hours of the final round.

It changed quickly, and it was tight the rest of the way with as many as eight players believing they could win this championship.

Thompson, whose 66 in the opening round was the best score of the week, played bogey-free on the back nine and picked up a birdie on the par-5 16th with a wedge that settled near the flag. Despite missing an easy birdie chance on the 17th, he was in the clubhouse at 2-over 282.

Els drove the par-4 seventh green and holed an 8-foot eagle putt that brought him within two shots of the lead. He lost hope, however, when he slightly pulled his wedge into the 16th. It went into a collection area, and his putt up the slope came back at his feet. He had to scramble for a bogey.

"I'll go to bed tonight thinking of the 16th, the third shot," he said. "That basically cost me the tournament."

Padraig Harrington came out of nowhere with five birdies in 11 holes to reach 2 over, but from the 18th fairway, he buried his approach in a bunker and made bogey.

Even so, this was a major that looked as if it would belong to McDowell or Furyk. One of them lost it early, the other one lost it late.

Simpson joined them as a U.S. Open champion, a win that moved him to No. 5 in the world.

Associated Press

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Lady Gaga's Fame Perfume Smells Like 'Tears Of Belladonna'

'My perfume was designed for women, but a lot of my gay friends wear it,' she wrote after photo of perfume's bottle leaked online.
By Jocelyn Vena

<P>A photo of the bottle for <a href="http://www.mtv.com/music/artist/lady_gaga/artist.jhtml">Lady Gaga</a>'s first-ever fragrance, Fame, leaked on Wednesday, but rather than lash out at excited fashion editors and bloggers for putting the design out there ahead of schedule, Mother Monster took to her <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/ladygaga" target="_blank">Twitter</a> to open up a bit about the perfume.</P><P>"Looks like photos of my perfume are being leaked. Oh you fashion editors I could just crinkle my hands at you!" she wrote, before posting her own photo of the bottle. The container is deep purple/black with a gold, spiked top. (How very Mother Monster!) The front of the box indicates that it is a "black fluid."</P><P>Gaga then tweeted the back of the box, which describes what all her Little Monsters will smell like when they wear it. The description explains that the fragrance has notes of "tears of belladonna, crushed heart of tiger orchidea with a black veil of incense, pulverized apricot and the combinative essences of saffron and honey drops."</P><P><blockquote class="twitter-tweet tw-align-center"><p>Here's what it smells like! <a href="http://t.co/xDBIoIQI" title="http://twitter.com/ladygaga/status/212983392910848000/photo/1">twitter.com/ladygaga/statu...</a></p>&mdash; Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) <a href="https://twitter.com/ladygaga/status/212983392910848000" data-datetime="2012-06-13T19:02:52+00:00">June 13, 2012</a></blockquote> <script src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script></P><P>When asked by a fan on Twitter if Fame will be followed by a men's cologne, Gaga replied, "My perfume was designed for women, but a lot of my gay friends wear it."</P><P>Fame has long been in the works. Gaga originally signed a fragrance deal with Coty Inc. in September 2010, and rumor had it that it would be called <a href="/news/articles/1649689/lady-gagas-perfume-be-called-monster.jhtml">Monster</a>. Stephen Mormoris, senior vice president of global marketing in the Coty Beauty division, said at the time that they wanted to work with Gaga because she is a "phenomenon" and "a fascinating cultural force" and he hoped her mass appeal would "electrify" the market on behalf of his company.</P><P></p><div class="player-placeholder right" title="Lady Gaga: Inside The Outside" id="id:1664719" width="415" height="255"></div><p></P><P>In early 2011, months after the <a href="/news/articles/1647864/lady-gaga-inks-perfume-deal.jhtml">deal was announced</a>, Gaga had a very colorful description for the perfume, noting that it would smell "like an expensive hooker." "[Blood and semen] is in the perfume but it doesn't smell like it," she told an <a href="http://www.styleite.com/beauty/gaga-perfume-blood-semen-interview/" target="_blank">Australian radio station</a> at the time. "You just get sort of the after feeling of sex from the semen and the blood is sort of primal. And the blood was taken from my own blood sample so it's like a sense of having me on your skin."</P><P>The fragrance will hit shelves in September, just in time for her next turn as a <i>Vogue</i> cover girl, <a href="http://style.mtv.com/2012/06/12/lady-gaga-september-vogue/">MTV Style</a> reports. September is shaping up to be a big month for the singer as she will also announce the name of her <a href="/news/articles/1686922/lady-gaga-new-album-title.jhtml">next album</a> then. </p>

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